| 摘要: |
| 睡眠障碍是颅脑损伤(traumatic brain injury,TBI)后最常见的伴随症状,超过50%的TBI患者存在不同程度的失眠、嗜睡、昼夜节律失调等表现。长期的睡眠障碍可严重影响患者的精神状态、认知功能及脑损伤的修复,且能增加交通事故等TBI的风险因素。下丘脑-垂体-靶腺轴功能紊乱所引起的一系列神经内分泌异常可能是睡眠障碍发生的主要原因。目前对TBI后各种类型睡眠障碍的诊断尚无统一标准,治疗仍以催眠类药物为主、行为干预为辅,然而催眠类药物对TBI后睡眠障碍的疗效及不良反应尚欠缺全面的评估。不同类型TBI后睡眠障碍的各种表现形式及其机制研究能指导临床治疗,个体化治疗的实现也将对促进TBI后睡眠障碍患者康复起到积极作用。 |
| 关键词: 睡眠障碍 颅脑损伤 昼夜节律 |
| DOI：10.3724/SP.J.1008.2012.001253 |
| 投稿时间：2012-06-29修订日期：2012-08-27 |
| 基金项目:上海市科委自然科学基金(11ZR1448700),国家教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金. |
|
Sleep disorders after traumatic brain injury |
| SHENG Ping,HOU Li-jun,DONG Yan* |
(Department of Neurosurgery, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200003, China
*Corresponding author.) |
| Abstract: |
| Sleep disorder is the most common concomitant symptom following traumatic brain injury (TBI), with more than half of the patients representing insomnia, hypersomnia and circadian rhythm disorders. Long-term sleep disturbance can significantly affect the mental status, cognitive function and recovery of brain injury in TBI patients, which may increase the risk of TBI caused by traffic accidents. A series of neuroendocrine abnormalities caused by hypothalamic-pituitary-target gland axis dysfunction may be the main reason for sleep disorders. Currently, there is no uniform standard for the diagnosis of various types of sleep disorder after TBI. Hypnotic medications, whose curative effects on sleep disorder and complication have not been fully estimated yet, are the main treatment of sleep disorders after TBI. Further understanding of the mechanisms of various sleep disorders following different types of TBI can guide clinical therapies. Individualized treatment will play a positive role in rehabilitation of patients with sleep disorders following TBI. |
| Key words: sleep disorders craniocerebral trauma circadian rhythm |
