| 摘要: |
| 目的 研究长航条件下舰员的心理健康状况及其影响因素。方法 采用随机抽样法调查长航官兵172名。在长航前1周用艾森克人格量表（EPQ）、症状自评量表（SCL-90）对舰员进行心理健康状况评估；在长航4个月后，使用SCL-90、疲劳量表-14（FS-14）、阿森斯失眠量表（AIS）等对舰员进行心理测量与调查。通过前后两次SCL-90量表的总分及各因子得分间的差异检验，并将两次测量结果与军人常模比较，确定长航对舰员心理健康是否有影响。通过SCL-90总分及各因子（第2次测量）与AIS、FS-14、EPQ的相关关系研究舰员心理健康与睡眠、疲劳、人格特质的关系。以SCL-90为因变量，通过多元线性回归分析探究在长航条件下影响舰员心理健康的主要因素。结果 长航4个月后，舰员心理健康水平远低于航行前，两次SCL-90测量间的得分差异具有统计学意义（P<0.01）。人格特质、睡眠、疲劳与舰员心理健康状况具有中等程度相关关系（r>0.4，P<0.01）。多元线性回归分析显示神经质、晕船程度、睡眠总分、疲劳总分、工作压力、精神质、舰艇适应性是SCL-90总分的影响因素。结论 海上长时间航行对舰员心理健康有不良影响，晕船程度、人格特质、工作压力、睡眠、疲劳、舰艇适应性等是影响舰员心理健康的主要因素。 |
| 关键词: 心理健康 舰员 长航 海军医学 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.0258-879x.2017.04.0506 |
| 投稿时间：2016-09-06修订日期：2017-01-04 |
| 基金项目:全军医学科研"十二五"课题（13CXZ050）. |
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| Analysis of mental health status and its influencing factors of navy crews during long-term sailing |
| YU Hong-zhang,YU Hai-bo,WANG Yun-xia* |
(Department of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To analyze the mental health status and its influencing factors of navy crews during long-term sailing. Methods Totally 172 crews with long-term sailing were collected by random sampling method. The mental health status of the crews was assessed by Eysenck Personality Questionnaire (EPQ) and Symptom Checklist-90 (SCL-90) at 1 week before the long-term sailing (first assessment). The psychological measurement and investigation of crews was conducted by SCL-90, Fatigue Scale-14 (FS-14) and Assens Insomnia Scale (AIS) after 4-month long-term sailing (second assessment). The differences in the total score of SCL-90 and each factor scores of crews between the first assessment, the second assessment and the military norm were analyzed to determine the influence of long-term sailing on the mental health status of crews. The relationship between the total score of SCL-90 and each factor scores (second assessment) and AIS, FS-14, and EPQ were used to analyze the correlation of the mental health status of crew with sleep, fatigue and personality traits. The major factors influencing the mental health status of crews during long-time sailing were explored by multivariate linear regression analysis with the SCL-90 score as the dependent variable. Results The mental health status of crews after 4-month long-term sailing was significantly lower than that before the sailing, with significant difference in SCL-90 scores (P<0.01). The mental health status of crews was moderately correlated with personality traits, sleep, and fatigue (r>0.4, P<0.01). Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that neuroticism, seasickness, total score of sleep, total score of fatigue, working pressure, mental quality and ship adaptability were the major factors influencing the total score of SCL-90. Conclusion The long-time sailing on the sea has a bad influence on the mental health of navy crews. The seasickness, personality traits, working pressure, sleep, fatigue, and ship adaptability are the major factors influencing the mental health of crews. |
| Key words: mental health crews sailing of long time naval medicine |
