| 摘要: |
| 目的 分析飞行事故后飞行员的心理应激状况与心理控制源的关系。方法 采用事件影响量表（IES-R）、焦虑自评量表（SAS）、自评抑郁量表（SDS）和内控性、有势力的他人及机遇量表（IPC）对两起飞行事故发生后所在单位的82名军事飞行人员进行测评，评估两次飞行事故后飞行员的心理应激状况，并分析其心理控制源与负性心理反应的关系。结果 飞行事故发生后所在单位飞行员中有34人（41.46%）自诉出现生理性不适，以睡眠障碍为主要存在症状。在心理状况方面，有24人（29.27%）表现为创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）症状阳性；3人（3.65%）SAS得分超过69，表现为重度焦虑；6人（7.31%）SDS得分超过69分，表现为重度抑郁。第二次飞行事故所引发的焦虑、抑郁、急性应激等负性心理比第一次更加严重（P<0.01）。急性应激反应、焦虑、抑郁均与有势力的他人和机遇呈正相关，与内控性呈负相关（P<0.05，P<0.01）。结论 心理控制源是影响飞行员心理健康水平的重要因素，外控性与机遇性是导致飞行员在事故后出现心理问题的主要诱因。该群体应成为飞行事故后心理危机干预的重点关注对象。 |
| 关键词: 飞行事故 心理学应激 焦虑 抑郁 心理控制源 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.0258-879x.2016.09.1144 |
| 投稿时间：2016-07-18修订日期：2016-09-01 |
| 基金项目:全军医学科研“十二五”计划重大项目（14CXZ002），全军医学科研“十二五”计划面上项目（CWS12J015），第二军医大学校军事医学项目（2014JS20）. |
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| Relation of acute stress reaction with locus of control of pilots after flight accidents of other pilots in the same unit |
| DONG Wei,CAI Wen-peng,ZHANG Shui-miao,DENG Guang-hui* |
(Department of Military Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Mental Health, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To analyze the relationship between acute stress reaction and locus of control of pilots after flight accidents of other pilots in the same unit. Methods After two flight accidents, the psychological stress status of the 82 pilots in the same units were examine by Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS), Self-Rating Depression Scale (SDS) and Internal, Powerful others and Chances (IPC), and the relationship between the locus of control and the negative psychological reaction was analyzed. Results We found that after two flight accidents 34 (41.46%) pilots in the same unit had physiologic problems, whose main problems were sleep disorder. Psychologically, 24 (29.27%) pilots showed posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD); 3 (3.65%) pilots showed severe anxiety, with SAS scores be higher than 70, and 6 (7.31%) showed severe depression, with SDS scores higher than 69. The negative impacts (anxiety, depression, and acute stress reaction) after the second accident were significantly greater than the first one (P<0.01). The scores of acute stress reaction, anxiety and depression were positively correlated with the powerful others and chance (P<0.05), and negatively correlated with the internal control (P<0.05, P<0.01). Conclusion Locus of control is an important factor to influence the mental health of pilots, and the external control and chance are the main inducement of psychological problem in pilots, and pilots with these mental qualities should be the main targets for mental crisis intervention after flight accidents. |
| Key words: flight accidents psychological stress anxiety depression locus of control |
