| 摘要: |
| 目的 通过对比研究探讨潜艇环境对潜艇艇员领悟力、记忆力和作业能力的影响。方法 采取整群抽样的方法，抽取某潜艇支队141名艇员作为研究对象，以某基地潜艇岸勤人员159名作为对照。运用韦氏成人智力量表中国修订版中的领悟力测验分量表测量两组人员的领悟力，用修订韦氏记忆量表中的图片回忆能力测验分量表测量两组人员的记忆力。用双手调节器和手指灵活性测试仪测量两组人员的作业能力，并对两组人员的测量结果进行对比分析。结果 潜艇艇员多期士官（兵龄>5年）领悟力低于潜艇岸勤人员多期士官（t=4.67，P<0.01）。潜艇艇员记忆力与潜艇岸勤人员无明显差异（P>0.05）。双手协调性测量中，潜艇艇员一期士官（兵龄为3～5年）和多期士官脱轨次数分别多于潜艇岸勤人员一期士官（Z=-2.20，P<0.05）和多期士官（Z=-2.21，P<0.05）。手指灵活性测试中，潜艇艇员一期士官和多期士官的针掉次数分别多于潜艇岸勤人员一期士官（Z=-3.08，P<0.01）和多期士官（Z=-4.52，P<0.01）。结论 潜艇艇员领悟力和作业能力低于潜艇岸勤人员。潜艇艇员多期士官的领悟力较潜艇岸勤人员多期士官差，潜艇艇员一期士官和多期士官的作业能力分别较潜艇岸勤人员一期士官和多期士官差。潜艇环境对潜艇艇员记忆力的影响不明显。 |
| 关键词: 潜艇 领悟力 记忆力 作业能力 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.0258-879x.2019.09.1020 |
| 投稿时间：2019-02-26修订日期：2019-06-26 |
| 基金项目:海军军医大学（第二军医大学）军事医学课题（2016JS17）. |
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| Comprehension, memory and job performance between submariners and off-shore staffs: a comparative study |
| WEI Cun1,WANG Yun-xia1,SHEN Xing-hua2* |
(1. Department of Nautical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology, Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China;
2. Naval Special Medicine Center, Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To investigate the effects of submarine environment on the comprehension, memory and job performance of submariners through a comparative study. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to select 141 submarine crew members from a submarine detachment, and 159 off-shore crew members from a submarine base were taken as the controls. The comprehension capability was examined with comprehension testing subscale of Wechsler adult intelligence scale-Chinese revised in the two groups, and the memory capability was examined with picture arrangement subscale of Wechsler memory scale-Chinese revised. The job performance was evaluated by hand coordination tester and finger flexity tester, and the results were compared between the two groups. Results Comprehension test showed that the comprehension ability of submariners with a more than 5 years service experience was significantly lower than that of off-shore counterparts (t=4.67, P<0.01). In hand coordination test, the out track times were significantly more in submariners with a 3-5 and more than 5 years service experience than those in off-shore counterparts (Z=-2.20, P<0.05; Z=-2.21, P<0.05). In finger flexity test, the out track times was significantly more in submariners with a 3-5 and more than 5 years service experience than those in off-shore counterparts (Z=-3.08, P<0.01; Z=-4.52, P<0.01). Conclusion Comprehension ability and job performance of submariners are lower than those of off-shore counterparts. Comprehension ability of submariners with a more than 5 years service experience is worse than that of off-shore counterparts. Job performance of submariners with a 3-5 or more than 5 years service experience is worse than that of off-shore counterpart. The submarine environment has no obvious influence on memory of submariners. |
| Key words: submarine comprehension memory job performance |
