| 摘要: |
| 2019年12月，新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）暴发，继2003年严重急性呼吸综合征（SARS）暴发后又给人类敲响了一记警钟。研究者通过溯源分析，发现COVID-19病原体严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）的自然宿主可能是中华菊头蝠。21世纪以来，全球共出现4次冠状病毒[严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒（SARS-CoV）、中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒（MERS-CoV）、猪急性腹泻综合征冠状病毒（SADS-CoV）、SARS-CoV-2]的暴发，给人类健康、公共卫生、经济发展及社会稳定造成了巨大的威胁与损失。大量证据表明，这4种冠状病毒的自然宿主可能均为蝙蝠。本文对蝙蝠相关冠状病毒的种类、全球地理分布及引起暴发的蝙蝠相关冠状病毒作一综述。 |
| 关键词: 冠状病毒 蝙蝠 严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒 中东呼吸综合征冠状病毒 猪急性腹泻综合征冠状病毒 严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.0258-879x.2020.09.0935 |
| 投稿时间：2020-02-19修订日期：2020-06-05 |
| 基金项目:国家科技重大专项（2017ZX10304403-003）． |
|
| Bat-related coronavirus |
| DING Cui-ling,ZHAO Ping,QI Zhong-tian* |
(Department of Biomedical Defense, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| The outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in Dec. 2019 sounded another alarm for humanbeing, with the first being the outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) in 2003. Researchers found that the natural host of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the pathogen of COVID-19, may be the Rhinolophus sinicus. There have been four outbreaks of coronaviruses (severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus [SARS-CoV], Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus [MERS-CoV], swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus [SADS-CoV] and SARS-CoV-2) worldwide since the beginning of 21st century, and they have caused huge threats and losses to human health, public health, economic development, and social stability. A large amount of evidence suggests that the natural host of all these four coronaviruses may be bats. This article reviews the species and global geographic distribution of bat-related coronaviruses, and the above-metioned four coronaviruses causing severe outbreaks. |
| Key words: coronavirus bat severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus swine acute diarrhea syndrome coronavirus severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 |
