| 摘要: |
| 目的 检测上海市杨浦区变应性鼻炎患者的血清过敏原分布情况。方法 运用敏筛过敏原检测仪专用试剂盒（免疫印迹法）对2018年1－12月就诊于我科门诊的1 504例临床诊断变应性鼻炎的上海市杨浦区常驻居民患者血清中过敏原特异性IgE（sIgE）和总IgE进行半定量检测。比较不同性别（男性和女性）、不同过敏原来源（单纯食入性、单纯吸入性和混合性）、不同季节［冬季（1－3月）、春季（4－6月）、夏季（7－9月）和秋季（10－12月）］变应性鼻炎患者的过敏原阳性率。结果 1 504例患者的总IgE阳性率为76.93%（1 157/1 504），sIgE阳性率为85.97%（1 293/1 504），吸入性过敏原中阳性率排前3位的依次是户尘螨（55.32%，832/1 504）、狗毛皮屑（18.22%，274/1 504）和屋尘（13.96%，210/1 504），食入性过敏原中阳性率排前3位的依次是牛奶（13.03%，196/1 504）、蟹（5.52%，83/1 504）、鸡蛋白（4.45%，67/1 504）。男性患者过敏原sIgE阳性率高于女性患者［88.24%（705/799）vs 83.40%（588/705），P＜0.01］。夏季和秋季过敏原sIgE阳性率高于冬季和春季［89.76%（342/381）、89.69%（435/485）vs 79.65%（227/285）、81.87%（289/353），P均＜0.05］。单纯吸入性过敏原sIgE阳性率高于单纯食入性和混合性过敏原［45.68%（687/1 504） vs 2.46%（37/1 504）、20.28%（305/1 504）］，混合性过敏原阳性率高于单纯食入性过敏原（P均＜0.01）。结论 上海市杨浦区变应性鼻炎男性发病率高于女性，发病季节以夏秋两季为主，过敏原来源以吸入性为主、混合性次之。 |
| 关键词: 变应性鼻炎 过敏原 免疫球蛋白E 户尘螨 吸入性过敏原 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.CN31-2187/R.20210749 |
| 投稿时间：2021-08-01修订日期：2021-10-26 |
| 基金项目:国家自然科学基金(81970868,81972537). |
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| Analysis of serum allergens in allergic rhinitis patients in Yangpu District of Shanghai |
| TENG Wei-qiang,ZHOU En-hui,ZHU Cheng-jing,GAO Ying-na,CHEN Meng-jie,ZHU Min-hui,ZHENG Hong-liang* |
(Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University (Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To detect the distribution of serum allergens in allergic rhinitis patients in Yangpu District of Shanghai.Methods The serum allergen specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) and total immunoglobulin E (IgE) of 1 504 patients with clinically diagnosed allergic rhinitis in Yangpu District of Shanghai, who visited our department from Jan. to Dec. 2018, were semi-quantitatively detected by a special kit for sensitive screen allergen detector (Western blotting). The positive rates of allergens in patients with allergic rhinitis were compared in different genders (male and female), different allergen sources (ingestion, inhalation and mixed), and different seasons (winter ［ Jan. to Mar.］, spring ［ Apr. to Jun.］, summer ［ Jul. to Sep.］ and autumn ［ Oct. to Dec.］).Results The total IgE positive rate of 1 504 patients was 76.93% (1 157/ 1504), and the positive rate of sIgE was 85.97% (1 293/1 504). The top 3 positive rates of inhalant allergens were house dust mite (55.32%, 832/1 504), dog epithelium (18.22%, 274/1 504) and house dust (13.96%, 210/1 504). The top 3 positive rates of food allergens were milk (13.03%, 196/1 504), crab (5.52%, 83/1 504) and egg white (4.45%, 67/1 504). The allergen sIgE positive rate in male patients was higher than that in female patients (88.24% ［705/799］ vs 83.40% ［588/705］, P＜0.01). The allergen sIgE positive rates in summer and autumn were higher than those in winter and spring (89.76% ［ 342/381］, 89.69% ［435/485］ vs 79.65% ［227/285］, 81.87% ［289/353］, all P＜0.05). The allergen sIgE positive rate of inhalant allergens was higher than that of food allergens and mixed allergens (45.68% ［ 687/1 504］ vs 2.46% ［ 37/1 504］ and 20.28% ［ 305/1 504］ ), and the positive rate of mixed allergens was higher than that of food allergens (all P＜0.01).Conclusion The incidence rate of allergic rhinitis in males is higher than that in females in Yangpu District of Shanghai, the onset season is mainly in summer and autumn, and allergens are mainly inhalant allergens, followed by mixed allergens. |
| Key words: allergic rhinitis allergens immunoglobulin E house dust mite inhalant allergens |
