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| 战斗应激反应评估与防治策略 |
| 任攀1,2,樊建玲3,潘霄2,陆莉2,王一浩2,李冠雄2,柏涌海2* |
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(1. 中国人民解放军海军929医院医学心理科, 上海 200433;
2. 海军军医大学(第二军医大学)第二附属医院医学心理科, 上海 200003;
3. 海军军医大学(第二军医大学)第二附属医院健康管理科, 上海 200003
*通信作者) |
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| 摘要: |
| 战斗应激反应（CSR）所导致的非战斗减员一直是现代战争所面临的突出问题，甚至会成为敌方实施主动心理战的手段。在作战样式和战略战术不断更新的背景下，平时心理韧性与调节技巧的训练、战时心理急救的评估与干预、战后严重精神创伤障碍的预防与治疗等均需给予持续的关注和研究。本文对CSR的概念、分类和危险因素等进行了回顾，在“就近、及时、期望”处置原则的基础上，立足我军卫勤保障和战救技能特点，系统构建了以“战斗动员-战场救治-战后干预”3个阶段为主的CSR干预基本框架以及简明CSR人员战现场心理急救评估要点，提出进一步细化的应对策略和技术研究方向，以期对CSR的早期预防、科学分类、早期干预、综合康复等起到推动作用，为我军战场救治综合能力的提升贡献新理念和新方法。 |
| 关键词: 战斗应激反应 心理评估 预防 治疗 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.CN31-2187/R.20220589 |
| 投稿时间：2022-07-14修订日期：2023-04-25 |
| 基金项目:国家社会科学基金重点项目(2022-SKJJ-B-041),国家重点研发计划(2022YFC3103204),海军军医大学(第二军医大学)第二附属医院人才建设三年行动计划——"金字塔人才工程"军事医学人才项目(2020). |
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| Assessment, prevention and treatment strategies of combat stress reaction |
| REN Pan1,2,FAN Jianling3,PAN Xiao2,LU Li2,WANG Yihao2,LI Guanxiong2,BAI Yonghai2* |
(1. Department of Medical Psychology, No. 929 Hospital of PLA Navy, Shanghai 200433, China;
2. Department of Medical Psychology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200003, China;
3. Department of Health Management, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200003, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| In modern warfare, combat stress reaction (CSR) is a prominent problem for non-combat attrition, which even has evolved into a means of psychological warfare by the enemy. Due to constant update of combat mode and strategic tactics, training of daily psychological resilience and adjustment skills, psychological assessment and intervention in war time, and prevention and treatment of severe post-war mental disorders all need long-term research. This paper reviews the concept, classification and risk factors of CSR, sets up a basic framework of CSR intervention (including “battle mobilization-battlefield treatment-post-war intervention”) and key points of brief psychological first aid assessment for CSR personnel in war time based on the principles of PIE (proximity, immediacy, expectancy) and characteristics of our military health services and rescue skills, and puts forward further detailed coping strategies and technical research directions, with a view to promote the early prevention, scientific classification, early intervention and comprehensive rehabilitation of CSR, so as to provide new ideas and methods for our battlefield treatment. |
| Key words: combat stress reaction psychological assessment prevention treatment |
