| 摘要: |
| 目的 根据国际癌症研究机构发布的2020年全球癌症统计报告，结合性别、年龄、人类发展指数（HDI）等特征分析2020年全球及中国结直肠癌发病和死亡情况，并比对中国和全球结直肠癌流行情况。方法 全球185个国家或地区的结直肠癌数据来源于GLOBOCAN 2020数据库，HDI根据联合国开发计划署公布的《2020年人类发展报告》数据进行整理。将癌症数据进行年龄、性别、HDI分层，描述全球及中国结直肠癌流行情况。使用Pearson相关分析评估标化发病率（SIR）、标化死亡率（SMR）及死亡发病比（M/I）与HDI之间的相关性。结果 2020年全球结直肠癌总发病人数（193.2万）在各癌种中位于第3位，SIR（19.5/10万）位于第4位；全球结直肠癌总死亡人数（93.5万）位于各癌种第2位，SMR（9.0/10万）位于第3位。2020年中国结直肠癌总发病人数（55.5万）在各癌种中位于第2位，占全球结直肠癌发病人数的28.8%，SIR（23.9/10万）位于中国各癌种第3位；中国结直肠癌总死亡人数（28.6万）在各癌种中位于第5位，占全球结直肠癌死亡人数的30.6%，SMR（12.0/10万）位于中国各癌种第5位。全球男性结直肠癌发病人数、死亡人数、SIR、SMR均高于女性。SIR、SMR与HDI呈正相关（r＝0.795、0.804，P均＜0.001），M/I与HDI呈负相关（r＝－0.843，P＜0.001）。全球及中国结直肠癌发病人数、死亡人数、SIR、SMR随年龄增长呈现上升趋势，40～44岁年龄组之后迅速增长。结论 全球及中国结直肠癌疾病负担严重，流行情况在不同HDI水平的国家或地区、性别、年龄别之间存在差异。分析和探讨结直肠癌流行情况与特点、了解结直肠癌流行的影响因素可为进一步采取有效、精准的防控措施提供理论依据和数据支撑。 |
| 关键词: 结直肠肿瘤 世界人口年龄标准化发病率 世界人口年龄标准化死亡率 死亡发病比 人类发展指数 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.CN31-2187/R.20220593 |
| 投稿时间：2022-07-15修订日期：2022-09-07 |
| 基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划（“973计划”）（2015CB554000），国家自然科学基金（81672518） |
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| Colorectal cancer in the world and China in 2020: an analysis of epidemic status |
| ZHOU Xiong,HU Ming,LI Zi-shuai,CAO Guang-wen,TAN Xiao-jie* |
(Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Naval Medicine, Naval Medical University(Second Military Medical University), Shanghai 200433, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To analyze the morbidity and mortality of colorectal cancer in the world and China in 2020 based on the global cancer statistics 2020 released by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC) combined with characteristics such as gender, age, human development index (HDI), etc., and to compare the epidemic status of colorectal cancer between China and the world. Methods The data of colorectal cancer of 185 countries or regions in the world were collected from GLOBOCAN 2020 database, and the HDI were collated according to the Human Development Report 2020 published by the United Nations Development Programme. Cancer data were stratified by age, gender and HDI to describe the epidemic status of colorectal cancer in the world and China. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation between standardized incidence rate (SIR), standardized mortality rate (SMR), mortality to incidence ratio (M/I) and HDI. Results In 2020, the incident cases of colorectal cancer (1932000) worldwide ranked third among all cancer types and SIR (19.5/100000) ranked fourth. The deaths of colorectal cancer (935000) worldwide ranked second among all cancer types and SMR (9.0/100 000) ranked third. In 2020, the incident cases of colorectal cancer (555 000) in China ranked second in all cancer types, accounting for 28.8% of the global incident cases of colorectal cancer, and SIR (23.9/100000) ranked third among all cancer types in China. The deaths of colorectal cancer (286000) in China ranked fifth in all cancer types, accounting for 30.6% of the global deaths of colorectal cancer, and SMR (12.0/100000) ranked fifth among all cancer types in China. The incident cases, deaths, SIR and SMR of colorectal cancer were higher in males than females worldwide. SIR and SMR were positively correlated with HDI (r＝0.795 and 0.804, both P＜0.001), and M/I was negatively correlated with HDI (r＝－0.843, P＜0.001). The incident cases, deaths, SIR and SMR of colorectal cancer in the world and China increased with age, and increased rapidly after age group of 40 to 44. Conclusion The disease burden of colorectal cancer is serious globally and in China, and the epidemic status of colorectal cancer is different in different genders and ages and in countries or regions with different HDI levels. Analyzing and discussing the epidemic status and characteristics of colorectal cancer and understanding the influencing factors of colorectal cancer epidemic can provide theoretical basis and data support for further effective and precise prevention and control measures. |
| Key words: colorectal neoplasms age-standardized incidence rate by world standard population age-standardized mortality rate by world standard population mortality to incidence ratio human development index |
