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| 满月光环境下夜视镜对视觉绩效的影响 |
| 陈剑政1,2,陈涛1,3,曹瑞丹1,张建英2,许丽芬2,张作明1,苏玉婷1* |
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(1. 空军军医大学航空航天医学系航空临床医学中心, 教育部航空航天医学重点实验室, 西安 710032;
2. 海军青岛特勤疗养中心感官生理训练科, 青岛 266071;
3. 空军军医大学第一附属医院空勤科, 西安 710032
*通信作者) |
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| 摘要: |
| 目的 研究夜视镜（NVG）对视觉绩效的影响，为开展NVG地面模拟训练提供试验依据。方法 招募20名视力正常的志愿者，佩戴NVG在满月光环境（0.1 lx）下检测静态远视力、深径觉误差、动态视力（DVA，3.0、4.5、6.0、7.5 km/h运动速度）、视觉认知时间、视觉搜索时间5项视觉绩效指标，通过与裸眼在曙暮光环境（15 lx）下测得的相同指标的比较评估满月光环境下NVG对视觉绩效的影响。对比佩戴NVG和裸眼在标准暗室中对红、蓝光源（2 cd/m2）位置关系的判断能力。结果 与裸眼在曙暮光环境下相比，佩戴NVG在满月光环境下的4种运动速度（3.0、4.5、6.0、7.5 km/h）的DVA均降低（均P＜0.001），深径觉误差和视觉搜索时间增加（均P＜0.05），而两组间静态远视力和视觉认知时间差异无统计学意义（均P＞0.05）。佩戴NVG正确判断红、蓝光源远近位置关系的得分低于裸眼（P＝0.001），佩戴NVG更容易误判红色光源距离自己较近（P＝0.001）。结论 DVA、深径觉和视觉搜索能力是NVG提升视觉绩效的薄弱点，NVG地面模拟训练应重视动态目标的搜索、识别及深径觉训练。佩戴NVG飞行时不能把颜色光源作为距离判断的线索，应注重NVG和裸眼的交替使用，增强获取系统信息和建立周围情景意识的能力。 |
| 关键词: 夜视镜 视觉绩效 夜视训练 飞行人员 满月光环境 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.CN31-2187/R.20230471 |
| 投稿时间：2023-08-18修订日期：2024-03-23 |
| 基金项目:空军军医大学航空医学提升项目（2020ZTB01，2019ZTB01，2020ZTF02），空军军医大学军事医学提升计划（2021HKYX18）. |
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| Effect of night vision goggle on visual performance in full moonlight environment |
| CHEN Jianzheng1,2,CHEN Tao1,3,CAO Ruidan1,ZHANG Jianying2,XU Lifen2,ZHANG Zuoming1,SU Yuting1* |
(1. Ministry-of-Education Key Laboratory of Aerospace Medicine, Center of Clinical Aerospace Medicine, School of Aerospace Medicine, Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China;
2. Department of Sensory Physiological Training, Qingdao Special Servicemen Recuperation Center of PLA Navy, Qingdao 266071, Shandong, China;
3. Department of Aviation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an 710032, Shaanxi, China
*Corresponding author) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To study the effect of night vision goggle (NVG) on visual performance, so as to provide an experimental basis for NVG ground simulation training. Methods Twenty volunteers with normal vision were recruited. The static distanced visual acuity, depth perceptual error, dynamic visual acuity (DVA; 3.0, 4.5, 6.0, and 7.5 km/h), visual cognition time, and visual search time were measured with NVG in the full moonlight environment (0.1 lx). The effect of NVG on visual performance in the full moonlight environment was assessed by comparing with the same indicators measured with the naked eye in the twilight light environment (15 lx). Also, the ability to judge the positions of red and blue light (2 cd/m2) in a dark room was compared between wearing NVG and the naked eye. Results Compared with the naked eye in the twilight environment, DVA for all 4 speeds (3.0, 4.5, 6.0, and 7.5 km/h) was decreased (all P＜0.001), depth perceptual error and visual search time were increased (both P＜0.05) in the full moonlight environment with the NVG, whereas there were no significant differences in static distanced visual acuity or visual cognitive time (both P＞0.05). The scores of wearing NVG for correctly judging the relationship between red and blue light were significantly lower than those of the naked eye (P＝0.001). Wearing NVG was more likely to misjudge the red light closer to them (P＝0.001). Conclusion DVA, depth perception and visual search capability are the weak points for NVG to improve the visual performance. NVG ground simulation training should emphasize the search of dynamic targets, recognition, and training of depth perception. Flying with NVG should not use the color light as a cue for distance judgments, and should focus on alternating between NVG and the naked eye to enhance the ability to acquire systematic information and build situational awareness. |
| Key words: night vision goggle visual performance night vision training flight personnel full moonlight environment |
