| 摘要: |
| 目的 根据国际癌症研究机构发布的2022年全球癌症统计报告，依据性别（女性）、年龄与人类发展指数（HDI）等特征，分析全球及中国乳腺癌的流行病学特征。方法 通过GLOBOCAN 2022数据库获取全球185个国家和地区的乳腺癌流行数据，通过联合国开发计划署公布的《2022年人类发展报告》获取HDI数据。基于总体的乳腺癌数据及按性别（女性）、年龄和HDI水平分别描述全球及中国的乳腺癌流行状况，采用Pearson相关分析评估标化发病率（SIR）、标化死亡率（SMR）及死亡发病比（M/I）与HDI之间的相关性。结果 最终共纳入175个国家和地区的数据进行分析。2022年全球乳腺癌总发病人数为229.7万，在各癌种中仅次于肺癌居第2位，SIR（46.8/10万）居第1位；全球乳腺癌总死亡人数为66.6万，在各癌种中居第4位，SMR（12.7/10万）居第2位。中国乳腺癌总发病人数为35.7万，在各癌种中居第6位，占全球乳腺癌总发病人数的15.5%，SIR（33.0/10万）居于中国各癌种第2位；中国乳腺癌总死亡人数为7.5万，在各癌种中居第7位，占全球乳腺癌总死亡人数的11.3%，SMR（6.1/10万）居中国各癌种第6位。在全球女性人群中，乳腺癌发病人数、SIR、死亡人数、SMR均居首位；在中国女性人群中，乳腺癌发病人数和SIR均居第2位，死亡人数和SMR分别居第5位和第4位。SIR与HDI呈正相关（r＝0.76，P＜0.01），M/I与HDI呈负相关（r＝－0.89，P＜0.01），而SMR与HDI无明显相关性（r＝－0.09，P＝0.23）。全球及中国的乳腺癌发病人数从25～29岁开始随年龄增长呈明显上升趋势。全球乳腺癌死亡人数从30岁以后随着年龄增长而大幅增加，并在50～59岁达到高峰，70岁之后呈下降趋势。中国乳腺癌的死亡人数在50～54岁和65～69岁呈现2个小高峰，在70岁以后逐渐下降。不同HDI水平国家和地区及全球和中国的SIR随年龄变化趋势有所不同，而SMR均随年龄增长持续上升。结论 全球及中国乳腺癌疾病负担严重，尤其在女性人群中，SIR和SMR在全球居首位，在中国虽然分别居第2位和第4位但发病和死亡人数都不容忽视。HDI与乳腺癌SIR呈正相关，与M/I呈负相关，但与SMR无明显相关性。随着年龄增长，不同HDI水平国家和地区SIR变化趋势各异，但SMR均呈上升趋势。 |
| 关键词: 乳腺肿瘤 世界人口年龄标准化发病率 世界人口年龄标准化死亡率 死亡发病比 人类发展指数 |
| DOI：10.16781/j.CN31-2187/R.20240649 |
| 投稿时间：2024-09-17修订日期：2024-09-30 |
| 基金项目: |
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| Breast cancer in the world and China in 2022: an analysis on epidemic status |
| MO Miao1,2*,WANG Zezhou1,2,ZHENG Ying1,2,ZHANG Jian2,3* |
(1. Department of Cancer Prevention, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China;
2. Department of Oncology, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China;
3. Department of Medical Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai 200032, China
*Corresponding authors) |
| Abstract: |
| Objective To analyze the epidemic status of breast cancer globally and in China based on gender (female), age, and human development index (HDI) according to the Global cancer statistics 2022 published by the International Agency for Research on Cancer. Methods The epidemiological data of breast cancer from 185 countries and territories were sourced from the GLOBOCAN 2022 database. The HDI data were compiled based on the Human development report 2022 published by the United Nations Development Programme. The epidemiological data were stratified by age, gender, and HDI to describe the prevalence of breast cancer globally and in China. Pearson correlation analysis was used to evaluate the correlation of standardized incidence rate (SIR), standardized mortality rate (SMR) and mortality-to-incidence ratio (M/I) with HDI. Results The data of 175 countries and territories were included. The number of breast cancer incident cases worldwide was 2 297 000 in 2022, ranking the 2nd only to lung cancer, with an SIR of 46.8 per 100 000 (ranking the 1st in the world). The number of breast cancer deaths globally was 666 000, ranking the 4th among all cancer deaths, with an SMR of 12.7 per 100 000 (ranking the 2nd worldwide). In China, the number of breast cancer incident cases was 357 000, ranking the 6th among all cancers, accounting for 15.5% of the global breast cancers, with an SIR of 33.0 per 100 000 (ranking the 2nd among all cancers in China). The number of breast cancer deaths in China was 75 000, ranking the 7th among all cancer deaths, accounting for 11.3% of the global breast cancer deaths, with an SMR of 6.1 per 100 000 (ranking the 6th among all cancer deaths in China). For females around the world, the number of breast cancer incidents and deaths, SIR, and SMR ranked the 1st among all cancers. For Chinese females, both the incident number of breast cancer and SIR ranked the 2nd, while the deaths and SMR ranked the 5th and the 4th, respectively. SIR was positively correlated with HDI (r＝0.76, P＜0.01), M/I was negatively correlated with HDI (r＝－0.89, P＜0.01), while SMR was not correlated with HDI (r＝－0.09, P＝0.23). The incidence of breast cancer worldwide and in China increased with age from 25 to 29 years old. The number of breast cancer deaths in the world increased with age from 30 years old, peaked at 50-59 years old, and declined after 70 years old. The breast cancer deaths in China showed 2 small peaks at the age of 50-54 and 65-69 years old, and gradually decreased after 70 years old. The age-dependent trend of SIR varied in different countries and territories with different HDI levels, as well as globally and in China, whereas SMR continued to increase with age. Conclusion The disease burden of breast cancer is serious globally and in China. Especially in females, both SIR and SMR rank the 1st in the world; although they rank the 2nd and the 4th, respectively, in China, the number of incidents and deaths cannot be ignored. HDI is positively correlated with SIR and negatively correlated with M/I, however, with no correlation with SMR. The SIR in countries and territories with different HDI levels changes differently with age, while SMR increases with age in all. |
| Key words: breast neoplasms age-standardized incidence rate by world standard population age-standardized mortality rate by world standard population mortality-to-incidence ratio human development index |
